Classification of a dye Dye refers to a colored organic compound that can give a fibrous material a color, but not all colored organic compounds can be used as a dye.
There are two methods for classifying dyes. One is to classify them based on their properties and application methods, and they are classified into applications; the other is based on the chemical structures of dyes or their characteristic groups, called chemical classification. According to the application classification, it is mainly composed of direct dyes, reactive dyes, vat dyes, soluble vat dyes, sulfur dyes, thiosulfur dyes, and insoluble azo dyes. Acid dyes, acid mordant dyes, acid-containing dyes, alkaline and cationic dyes, disperse dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, oxidation dyes, polycondensation dyes, etc.; mainly by azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, anthraquinone dyes, Sanfang Methane dyes, etc.
The choice of two dyes Each fiber has its own characteristics and should be dyed with the appropriate dye. Cellulose fibers (cotton, hemp, viscose and other fibers) can be dyed with direct dyes, reactive dyes, vat dyes, soluble vat dyes, sulfur dyes, thiosulfur dyes, insoluble azo dyes, etc.; protein fibers (wool, silk) and Nylon can be dyed with acid dyes, acid-containing dyes, etc.; acrylic fibers can be dyed with cationic dyes; polyesters are mainly dyed with disperse dyes. However, a dye may be used for the dyeing of other fibers in addition to the dyeing of a type of fiber. For example, a direct dye may also be used for the dyeing of silk, a reactive dye may also be used for the dyeing of wool, silk, and nylon, and a disperse dye may also be used. In nylon, acrylic dyeing. In addition, dyes are selected based on the use of the dyed material, the cost of the dye auxiliaries, the color matching requirements of the dyes, and the dyeing mechanical properties.
Three color fastness Color fastness refers to the ability of a dyed product to maintain its original color state (ie, the ability to not fade) under the influence of various external factors during or after the dyeing process. Color fastness is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of dyeing products. A wide variety of color fastness, depending on the use of dyeing products and follow-up processing technology, the main fastness color fastness, wash fastness, perspiration fastness, fastness, rubbing fastness, sublimation color fastness Degree of color, color fastness to ironing, color fastness to bleaching, color fastness to acid, color fastness to alkali, etc. In addition, color fastness to seawater, color fastness to smoky smoke, etc., depending on the specific use of the product. .
Four process of four staining Dye adsorption The dye diffuses from the dye liquor to the surface of the fiber and dyes the surface of the fiber. This process is called adsorption.
2. Diffusion of dyes Because the concentration of dye adsorbed on the surface of the fiber is greater than the concentration of the dye in the fiber, the difference in concentration causes the dye to diffuse from the fiber name to the inside of the fiber, and the concentration of the dye in each portion of the direct fiber tends to be uniform.
3. The fixation of the dye in the fiber This stage is the process of combining dyes with fibers. Unlike dyes and fibers, the methods of bonding are also different. There are two types of fixation: pure chemical fixation and physical fixation.
Five dyeing methods and dyeing equipment The dyeing method can be divided into two types: dyeing (or called exhaustion) and padding. Dipping is the method of dyeing a textile fabric by dipping it in a dyeing liquor and dyeing the dye onto the fiber for a certain period of time. Pad dyeing refers to impregnating textile fabrics with dye liquors, rolling them with rollers, and extruding the dye liquors into the gaps of the fabrics. At the same time, the excess dye liquor on the fabrics is squeezed out, so that the dye liquor is evenly distributed on the fabrics. The process of dyeing fibers after dyeing.
There are many types of dyeing equipment, which can be divided into intermittent dyeing machines and continuous dyeing machines according to the nature of equipment operation; according to the different dyeing methods, they can be divided into dip dyeing machines, jiggers and pad dyeing machines; Can be divided into discrete fiber dyeing machines, yarn dyeing machines and fabric dyeing machines.
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